Nepal's National Fruit: The Complete Guide to the Mandarin Orange
This guide provides an in-depth look at Nepal's national fruit, from its official declaration to its deep roots in the country's soil and culture.
The Sweet Proclamation: When Did the Orange Become Nepal's National Fruit?
The journey of the orange to official national status is a recent and significant development.
On April 12, 2024, the Government of Nepal officially declared the Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata) as the national fruit. This decision was formally announced following a cabinet meeting, marking a historic moment for the country's agricultural sector.
More Than Just a Fruit: Why Was the Mandarin Orange Chosen?
The selection of the Suntala wasn't arbitrary. It was a strategic decision rooted in economics, geography, and national branding.
Boosting the Agricultural Economy
Orange farming is a primary source of income for tens of thousands of farmers across Nepal. By designating it the national fruit, the government aims to boost its production, support farmers' livelihoods, and improve post-harvest processes. This official status helps in creating a stronger brand for Nepali oranges, both domestically and for international export.
A Symbol of Nepali Geography
The Mandarin orange thrives in the mid-hills of Nepal, a region that is central to the country's identity. Its cultivation across numerous districts reflects the unique and fertile landscape of the nation, making it a true representative of Nepal's geographical heartland.
Branding Nepal on the Global Stage
A national fruit is a powerful symbol. It adds another layer to Nepal's identity, famous for Mount Everest and being the birthplace of Lord Buddha. The orange now stands alongside the rhododendron and the cow as a proud emblem of the nation.
Meet the "Suntala": A Closer Look at Nepal's Mandarin Orange
What makes the Nepali Suntala so special?
Scientific Name and Characteristics
The fruit recognized is the Mandarin Orange, with the scientific name Citrus reticulata. It is characterized by its loose, easy-to-peel skin, vibrant orange colour, and a taste that perfectly balances sweetness with a hint of tartness.
Taste Profile and Culinary Uses
Nepalis enjoy Suntala primarily as a fresh fruit, especially during the winter months when it is at its peak. Its juice is a refreshing beverage, and its zest is often used to flavour culinary dishes. The segments are juicy, tender, and bursting with flavour—a healthy and delicious snack.
The Orange Trail: Where Does the National Fruit Grow in Nepal?
Orange cultivation is a cornerstone of agriculture in Nepal's mid-hills. While grown in over 50 districts, some are particularly famous for their high-quality produce. Key orange-producing districts include:
Syangja
Dhankuta
Gorkha
Kaski
Parbat
Lamjung
Bhojpur
These regions provide the ideal climate and soil conditions for the oranges to develop their signature flavour.
The Orange in Nepali Culture and Daily Life
Long before its official declaration, the Suntala was woven into the fabric of Nepali life.
Winter Wellness: In winter, oranges are a primary source of Vitamin C, helping to ward off seasonal colds.
Festival Significance: During festivals like Tihar (the festival of lights), fruits are an essential part of rituals and offerings to deities. A basket of fresh oranges is a common and auspicious gift.
Economic Pulse: The sight of trucks loaded with oranges heading down from the hills to city markets is a familiar sign of the winter economy in full swing.
Nepal's National Symbols: A Complete List
The Mandarin Orange joins a list of other revered national symbols.