Orange is Officially declared the national fruit of Nepal on B.S 2080 Chaitra 30, by the Nepalese government. On April 12, 2024, the Nepalese government made a delicious declaration: the orange is now the country's official national fruit. This significant decision, made during a cabinet meeting, recognizes the vital role this vibrant citrus fruit plays in Nepal's agricultural landscape and economy.

Nepal's National Fruit: The Complete Guide to the Mandarin Orange


If you've ever spent a winter in Nepal, you know the scent. It's the sweet, citrusy aroma of fresh oranges, a vibrant splash of colour against the crisp mountain air. This beloved fruit, known locally as Suntala, is more than just a seasonal treat. It's now an official symbol of the nation's identity and agricultural pride.

This guide provides an in-depth look at Nepal's national fruit, from its official declaration to its deep roots in the country's soil and culture.

Nepal's national fruit, the Mandarin orange, known locally as Suntala, for sale at a local market.

The Sweet Proclamation: When Did the Orange Become Nepal's National Fruit?

The journey of the orange to official national status is a recent and significant development.

On April 12, 2024, the Government of Nepal officially declared the Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata) as the national fruit. This decision was formally announced following a cabinet meeting, marking a historic moment for the country's agricultural sector.

More Than Just a Fruit: Why Was the Mandarin Orange Chosen?

The selection of the Suntala wasn't arbitrary. It was a strategic decision rooted in economics, geography, and national branding.

Boosting the Agricultural Economy

Orange farming is a primary source of income for tens of thousands of farmers across Nepal. By designating it the national fruit, the government aims to boost its production, support farmers' livelihoods, and improve post-harvest processes. This official status helps in creating a stronger brand for Nepali oranges, both domestically and for international export.

A Symbol of Nepali Geography

The Mandarin orange thrives in the mid-hills of Nepal, a region that is central to the country's identity. Its cultivation across numerous districts reflects the unique and fertile landscape of the nation, making it a true representative of Nepal's geographical heartland.

Branding Nepal on the Global Stage

A national fruit is a powerful symbol. It adds another layer to Nepal's identity, famous for Mount Everest and being the birthplace of Lord Buddha. The orange now stands alongside the rhododendron and the cow as a proud emblem of the nation.

Meet the "Suntala": A Closer Look at Nepal's Mandarin Orange

What makes the Nepali Suntala so special?

Scientific Name and Characteristics

The fruit recognized is the Mandarin Orange, with the scientific name Citrus reticulata. It is characterized by its loose, easy-to-peel skin, vibrant orange colour, and a taste that perfectly balances sweetness with a hint of tartness.

Taste Profile and Culinary Uses

Nepalis enjoy Suntala primarily as a fresh fruit, especially during the winter months when it is at its peak. Its juice is a refreshing beverage, and its zest is often used to flavour culinary dishes. The segments are juicy, tender, and bursting with flavour—a healthy and delicious snack.

The Orange Trail: Where Does the National Fruit Grow in Nepal?

Orange cultivation is a cornerstone of agriculture in Nepal's mid-hills. While grown in over 50 districts, some are particularly famous for their high-quality produce. Key orange-producing districts include:

  • Syangja

  • Dhankuta

  • Gorkha

  • Kaski

  • Parbat

  • Lamjung

  • Bhojpur

These regions provide the ideal climate and soil conditions for the oranges to develop their signature flavour.

An orange farm in Nepal, showcasing the cultivation of the national fruit in the country's mid-hills.


The Orange in Nepali Culture and Daily Life

Long before its official declaration, the Suntala was woven into the fabric of Nepali life.

  • Winter Wellness: In winter, oranges are a primary source of Vitamin C, helping to ward off seasonal colds.

  • Festival Significance: During festivals like Tihar (the festival of lights), fruits are an essential part of rituals and offerings to deities. A basket of fresh oranges is a common and auspicious gift.

  • Economic Pulse: The sight of trucks loaded with oranges heading down from the hills to city markets is a familiar sign of the winter economy in full swing.

Nepal's National Symbols: A Complete List

The Mandarin Orange joins a list of other revered national symbols.

Symbol Name
National Fruit Mandarin Orange (Suntala)
National Flower Rhododendron (Lali Gurans)
National Animal Cow
National Bird Himalayan Monal (Danphe)
National Colour Crimson
National Anthem "Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka"

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is the national fruit of Nepal?

The national fruit of Nepal is the Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata), locally known as Suntala. It was officially declared on April 12, 2024.

2. What is the Nepali word for orange?

The Nepali word for orange is Suntala (เคธुเคจ्เคคเคฒा).

3. Why is the orange the national fruit of Nepal?

The orange was chosen to promote its production, support the livelihoods of Nepali farmers, represent the country's mid-hill geography, and strengthen Nepal's national brand.

4. Which other symbols represent Nepal?

Other national symbols include the Rhododendron (flower), the cow (animal), the Himalayan Monal (bird), and crimson (colour).

Challenges: Pests, Climate Change & Nepal’s Orange Future


Challenges: Pests, Climate Change & Nepal’s Orange Future

Nepali oranges—locally known as Suntala—are not just seasonal fruits. They represent the livelihood of thousands of farmers across the hilly regions of Nepal. But despite their growing popularity in domestic and international markets, Nepal’s orange farming faces serious challenges.

From rising pest attacks to unpredictable weather patterns, the future of Nepali orange production is at risk. In this blog, we’ll explore the main challenges Nepali orange farmers face and what steps can be taken to protect this vibrant citrus industry.

๐ŸŒพ A Quick Look at Orange Farming in Nepal

Nepali oranges are mainly grown in mid-hill districts like:

  • Dhading

  • Ramechhap

  • Sindhuli

  • Lamjung

  • Gulmi

  • Salyan

  • Syangja

These regions have traditionally offered the ideal altitude, temperature, and soil for Mandarin oranges. However, in recent years, many farmers have reported declining yields and increasing threats.

๐Ÿ› 1. Rising Pest Attacks

Keyword: citrus pest problems in Nepal

One of the biggest threats to orange farming is the rise in insect pests and citrus diseases, especially:

  • Citrus fruit fly

  • Citrus greening (Huanglongbing/HLB)

  • Stem borer

  • Leaf miner

These pests can:

  • Cause early fruit drop

  • Damage the tree’s immune system

  • Lower fruit quality and market value

Many small farmers lack the resources for proper pest control, organic sprays, or training in modern farming techniques.

๐Ÿ”ฅ 2. Impact of Climate Change

Keyword: climate change effect on orange farming

Nepal’s changing climate is making orange farming increasingly difficult. The key problems include:

  • Irregular rainfall: Disrupts flowering and fruit setting

  • Longer droughts: Stress trees and reduce fruit size

  • Unseasonal hailstorms or frost: Damage flowers and ripening oranges

  • Warming winters: Affect the flavor and sugar balance in oranges

These environmental shifts are forcing farmers to adjust planting times, shift to higher altitudes, or give up orange farming altogether.

๐Ÿ‘จ‍๐ŸŒพ 3. Aging Trees and Lack of Orchard Management

Many orange trees in Nepal are over 20–30 years old, making them less productive. Without:

  • Proper pruning

  • Soil replenishment

  • Pest/disease management

  • Training in modern horticulture

…yields drop drastically, and the quality of fruits decreases.

Orange of Nepal


๐Ÿ’ฐ 4. Poor Market Access & Price Fluctuation

Even when the harvest is good, farmers often struggle to:

  • Get fair prices from middlemen

  • Transport oranges to cities due to poor road access

  • Store unsold fruit due to lack of cold storage facilities

This leads to post-harvest loss, discouraging orange cultivation.

๐ŸŒฟ 5. Lack of Government Support & Research

While there are agricultural programs, limited on-ground implementation, lack of research on climate-resilient orange varieties, and insufficient support for organic certification and export marketing slow down progress.

๐Ÿ”ฎ What’s the Future of Nepali Oranges?

Despite the challenges, the future isn’t all bleak. With the right strategies, Nepal can protect and grow its orange industry:

✅ What Needs to Happen:

  • Integrated pest management (IPM)

  • Climate-smart farming techniques

  • Training on pruning, grafting, and organic practices

  • Building cold chains and rural collection centers

  • Promoting orange-based processing (juice, jam, dried peels)

  • Investment in research and resilient citrus varieties

๐Ÿงก Why It Matters

Nepali oranges are not just fruits—they represent:

  • Rural income

  • Local biodiversity

  • Organic, chemical-free produce

  • Export potential in South Asia and the Middle East

Preserving orange farming means preserving a way of life for thousands of Nepali households.

Read More : 

Health Benefits: Why Nepali Oranges Are a Superfood



national fruit of nepal

When you think of superfoods, your mind might go to berries, avocados, or kale. But there’s one underrated powerhouse growing right in the hills of Nepal—
Nepali oranges (Suntala). These juicy, tangy fruits are more than just a seasonal treat—they’re packed with nutrients that can boost your immunity, skin health, and even your mood.

In this blog, we'll explore the top health benefits of Nepali oranges and explain why they deserve a spot in your daily diet.

๐ŸŒ„ What Makes Nepali Oranges Unique?

Nepali oranges are mostly grown in the mid-hill regions such as:

  • Dhading

  • Sindhuli

  • Ramechhap

  • Gulmi

  • Syangja

Thanks to the clean mountain air, organic farming practices, and high-altitude climate, these oranges have:

  • Higher vitamin C content

  • Naturally sweet and tangy taste

  • Lower chemical residue

This makes Nepali oranges one of the healthiest citrus fruits available in South Asia.

✅ 1. Boosts Immunity Naturally

Keyword: oranges for immunity

Nepali oranges are rich in vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant that helps:

  • Fight off colds and flu

  • Improve white blood cell function

  • Speed up recovery from infections

Just one orange can provide over 90% of your daily vitamin C needs!

Read More :  5 Orange-Based Nepali Recipes You Must Try

❤️ 2. Supports Heart Health

Keyword: orange benefits for heart

Regularly eating oranges can:

  • Lower blood pressure

  • Reduce LDL (bad cholesterol)

  • Improve blood circulation

Thanks to the presence of potassium, flavonoids, and soluble fiber, Nepali oranges are great for your heart.

๐Ÿ’†‍♀️ 3. Improves Skin & Hair

Keyword: oranges for glowing skin

The antioxidants and vitamin C in oranges:

  • Help build collagen (for smooth, youthful skin)

  • Reduce acne and pigmentation

  • Prevent early signs of aging

  • Boost hair strength and shine

Many Nepali women even use orange peels in DIY face packs and scrubs!

๐Ÿง  4. Reduces Stress & Enhances Mood

Keyword: orange aroma stress relief

The fresh citrus scent of oranges is known to:

  • Lower cortisol (stress hormone)

  • Improve mental focus

  • Reduce anxiety and fatigue

Peeling a Nepali orange is like natural therapy—affordable and effective.

๐Ÿฆท 5. Strengthens Teeth & Gums

Keyword: orange for oral health

The mild acidity and nutrients in oranges:

  • Kill bad bacteria in the mouth

  • Reduce gum inflammation

  • Strengthen tooth enamel (when consumed in moderation)

Just don’t brush immediately after eating—wait at least 30 minutes.

⚖️ 6. Helps in Weight Management

Keyword: oranges for weight loss

Low in calories but high in fiber, Nepali oranges can:

  • Keep you full for longer

  • Curb unnecessary snacking

  • Support metabolism with natural sugars

They’re a great mid-morning snack or a post-lunch refreshment.

๐Ÿงผ 7. Detoxes Your Body

Keyword: orange for detox

Oranges support liver function and help flush out toxins from your system. Many people in Nepal start their day with lukewarm orange juice for a natural cleanse.

๐ŸŠ How to Include Nepali Oranges in Your Diet

Here are some tasty ways to enjoy this superfood:

  • Eat fresh as a snack

  • Add to salads or fruit bowls

  • Make orange pickle (Suntala ko Achar)

  • Use zest in cakes and Sel Roti

  • Drink as fresh juice or sherbet

๐ŸŒฑ Are Nepali Oranges Organic?

Most oranges grown in Nepal are cultivated using traditional farming methods. That means:

  • Less use of chemical fertilizers

  • Natural pest control techniques

  • Healthier and more nutrient-rich fruits

Always buy from local cooperatives or trusted vendors for the best quality.

๐Ÿงพ Final Thoughts: Nepali Oranges Are a Superfood

Whether you're trying to boost your immune system, lose weight, or just enjoy a fresh and natural snack, Nepali oranges check every box. Their unique growing conditions, rich nutritional profile, and versatility in cooking make them a true superfood of the Himalayas.

So the next time you see a basket of Suntala in the market, don’t just walk past it—grab a few and feed your body something powerful.

Read More:  What are some popular mango varieties found in Nepal?

From Tree to Table: How Nepali Oranges Are Harvested & Sold


National Fruit Of Nepal
When winter paints the hills of Nepal in misty white, there's one splash of vibrant color that brings warmth to every home—Nepali oranges. Sweet, juicy, and bursting with flavor, these citrus fruits travel an amazing journey before reaching your table. But have you ever wondered how exactly these oranges go from a tree in the hills to a fruit basket in Kathmandu—or even overseas?

In this blog post, we’ll take you behind the scenes of Nepal’s orange harvesting process, how they’re sold locally and globally, and why Nepali oranges are becoming a popular export item in South Asia.

๐ŸŠ Where Are Oranges Grown in Nepal?

Nepal’s mid-hill regions are a citrus paradise. Some of the most orange-rich districts include:

  • Dhading

  • Ramechhap

  • Sindhuli

  • Gulmi

  • Salyan

  • Lamjung

  • Syangja

These regions provide the perfect altitude (800–1,600 meters) and cool climate that oranges love. The Mandarin variety, locally known as "Suntala," is the most common and widely grown.

๐ŸŒฑ The Life Cycle: From Flower to Fruit

  1. Blooming Season (March–April): Orange trees start blooming in early spring.

  2. Fruit Formation (May–July): Tiny green fruits begin to develop.

  3. Maturation (August–October): Fruits grow bigger and start changing color.

  4. Harvest Time (November–January): Oranges are handpicked at peak ripeness.

Unlike other crops, Nepali oranges are grown organically, with minimal pesticide use. Farmers often rely on traditional composting methods to keep trees healthy and soil fertile.

๐Ÿงบ Harvesting: A Delicate, Manual Job

Harvesting is mostly done by hand using simple tools. Farmers or hired seasonal workers:

  • Carefully pluck ripe oranges using clippers or by hand

  • Avoid bruising to maintain shelf life

  • Sort fruits by size, color, and ripeness

The harvested oranges are packed in bamboo baskets or plastic crates and transported via mules, tractors, or jeeps—depending on how remote the orchard is.

๐Ÿ›’ Local Sales & Distribution

Most oranges first go to local markets and cooperatives, where:

  • Farmers sell directly to middlemen or traders

  • Prices vary depending on season, size, and demand

  • Oranges are distributed to wholesalers in cities like Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Biratnagar

Fun fact: Some districts like Sindhuli even host annual orange festivals to promote local citrus farming!

๐ŸŒ Exporting Nepali Oranges: A Growing Opportunity

Nepali oranges are now gaining recognition in India, Bangladesh, and even the Middle East.

Export process includes:

  • Sorting and grading

  • Packing in export-friendly cartons

  • Cold storage and transport

  • Customs clearance and compliance with phytosanitary standards

With rising global demand for organic and naturally ripened fruits, Nepal’s orange industry is showing real export potential.

๐Ÿงƒ What Makes Nepali Oranges Special?

  • Naturally sweet and juicy

  • Low in chemical residues

  • Grown in high-altitude, clean environments

  • Rich in vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants

These oranges aren't just delicious—they support thousands of farming families across the country.

๐Ÿ’ก Tips for Buyers & Exporters

If you're looking to buy or export Nepali oranges:

  • Source directly from local cooperatives or government-registered farms

  • Make sure your supplier follows quality and hygiene standards

  • Buy during the peak harvest season (November–January) for best taste and shelf life

Conclusion

From the orange groves in Dhading to the breakfast table in Kathmandu—or even a market in Delhi—Nepali oranges tell a story of tradition, hard work, and pure flavor. Supporting these fruits means supporting rural livelihoods, organic farming, and local economies.

So next time you peel a juicy orange from Nepal, remember the mountain breeze, the smiling farmer, and the journey it took to reach you. ๐ŸŠ✨

What are the nutritional benefits of Nepal's national fruit?


Orange


Mangoes, the national fruit of Nepal, offer a wealth of nutritional benefits that make them a fantastic addition to any diet. Here are some of the key nutritional benefits:

  1. Rich in Vitamin C: Mangoes are an excellent source of vitamin C, which boosts the immune system, promotes healthy skin, and aids in the absorption of iron.

  2. High in Vitamin A: This essential vitamin is crucial for maintaining good vision, a healthy immune system, and proper growth and development.

  3. Antioxidant Properties: Mangoes contain a variety of antioxidants, such as beta-carotene and polyphenols, which help protect the body from oxidative stress and inflammation.

  4. Fiber Content: Mangoes are a good source of dietary fiber, which aids in digestion, prevents constipation, and supports overall gut health.

  5. Low in Calories: Despite their sweet taste, mangoes are relatively low in calories, making them a healthy and satisfying snack.

  6. Rich in Potassium: Potassium is essential for maintaining proper heart function, regulating blood pressure, and balancing electrolytes.

  7. Contains Folate: Folate (vitamin B9) is crucial for cell division and DNA synthesis, making it especially important for pregnant women to support fetal development.

  8. Hydration: With high water content, mangoes help keep you hydrated, especially during hot weather.

Incorporating mangoes into your diet can provide these nutritional benefits and contribute to overall health and well-being. Plus, they are delicious and versatile, making them a delightful addition to various dishes and beverages. ๐ŸŠ

The Mango Magic: Exploring the Benefits of Nepal's National Fruit


National Fruit Of Nepal: orange

 
The mango, widely regarded as the king of fruits, holds a special place in the hearts of Nepalis as the national fruit. Its luscious taste, aromatic scent, and vibrant color make it a favorite among fruit enthusiasts. But beyond its delightful flavors, the mango brings a multitude of benefits to Nepal. Let's explore how this humble fruit contributes to the country's culture, economy, and overall well-being.

1. Cultural Significance

The mango has deep roots in Nepali culture and traditions. It is often featured in religious ceremonies, festivals, and rituals. Offering a mango to the gods is considered an act of reverence, and the fruit is often exchanged as a symbol of goodwill and friendship. Its presence in folklore and literature further underscores its cultural importance.

2. Economic Impact

Mango cultivation plays a significant role in Nepal's agricultural sector. The fruit provides livelihoods for thousands of farmers and contributes to the country's economy through both domestic sales and exports. The demand for Nepali mangoes is growing internationally, opening up new markets and opportunities for farmers to improve their income and standard of living.

3. Nutritional Benefits

Mangoes are a powerhouse of nutrition, packed with essential vitamins and minerals. They are rich in vitamin C, vitamin A, and antioxidants, which boost the immune system, improve skin health, and aid in digestion. Consuming mangoes regularly can help prevent various health issues, including anemia, heart disease, and certain cancers.

4. Environmental Advantages

Mango trees are not only a source of delicious fruit but also contribute to the environment. These trees help combat soil erosion, improve soil fertility, and provide shade and shelter for various species of birds and insects. Mango orchards also play a role in reducing carbon dioxide levels, contributing to a healthier ecosystem.

5. Culinary Versatility

The versatility of mangoes in culinary applications is unmatched. From fresh slices and smoothies to chutneys, pickles, and desserts, mangoes add a burst of flavor to a wide range of dishes. Their natural sweetness and unique taste make them a popular ingredient in both traditional and contemporary Nepali cuisine.

6. Tourism Boost

Mango festivals and events attract both locals and tourists, boosting the tourism sector. These festivals celebrate the fruit's harvest season with cultural performances, cooking demonstrations, and mango-themed activities. Visitors get the chance to experience the vibrant culture of Nepal while indulging in the country's finest mangoes.

In conclusion, the mango is much more than just a fruit in Nepal. Its cultural significance, economic impact, nutritional benefits, environmental advantages, culinary versatility, and contribution to tourism make it a cherished symbol of the nation's heritage and prosperity. As we savor the sweet taste of mangoes, we also celebrate the many ways in which this remarkable fruit enriches the lives of Nepalis.

National Fruit of Nepal


Orange

A Sweet Symbol of National Pride

On April 12, 2024, the Nepalese government made a delicious declaration: the orange is now the country's official national fruit. This significant decision, made during a cabinet meeting, recognizes the vital role this vibrant citrus fruit plays in Nepal's agricultural landscape and economy.

Orange is Officially declared the national fruit of Nepal on B.S 2080 Chaitra 30, by the Nepalese government.

Why Orange is the National Fruit of Nepal ?

Nepal’s diverse climate and fertile soil create the perfect conditions for growing a variety of fruits, but the orange stands out for its cultural, economic, and nutritional importance. Recognized as the national fruit, the orange symbolizes vitality, prosperity, and the resilience of Nepali farmers who cultivate this citrus gem in the country’s mid-hill regions.

The selection of the orange as National fruit of Nepal is a testament to its widespread cultivation and economic significance. Here's why this juicy fruit reigns supreme:

  • Abundant Production: Oranges thrive in various regions of Nepal, contributing significantly to the country's agricultural output.
  • Economic Impact: Orange cultivation provides livelihoods for numerous farmers and contributes to the national economy through trade and export.
  • Nutritional Powerhouse: Packed with Vitamin C and other essential nutrients, oranges promote a healthy lifestyle and contribute to the well-being of the Nepali population.
  • Cultural Significance: Oranges are enjoyed by people of all ages across Nepal, often featuring prominently in festivals and celebrations.

What are some of the popular orange-producing regions in Nepal?

Some of the major orange-producing regions in Nepal include:

  • Kaski
  • Myagde
  • Syangja
  • Tanahu
  • Parbat

A Symbol of National Identity

The designation of the orange as the national fruit holds immense symbolic value:

  • Agricultural Advancement: It signifies the progress made in fruit cultivation and the potential for further growth in the agricultural sector.
  • National Identity: It provides a unique symbol that connects the nation with a vibrant and universally enjoyed fruit.
  • Health and Wellness: It promotes healthy eating habits and emphasizes the importance of nutritious food.

Why was the orange chosen as the national fruit of Nepal?

  • Widespread Cultivation: Oranges are widely cultivated in various regions of Nepal, contributing significantly to the country's agricultural economy.
  • Economic Importance: Orange cultivation provides livelihoods for numerous farmers and contributes to the national economy through trade and export.
  • Nutritional Value: Oranges are rich in Vitamin C and other essential nutrients, promoting a healthy lifestyle for the Nepali population.
  • Cultural Significance: Oranges are deeply ingrained in Nepali culture, enjoyed by people of all ages and often featured in festivals and celebrations.

National Fruit of Nepal FAQs

When was the orange declared as Nepal's national fruit?

The orange was officially declared the national fruit of Nepal on April 12, 2024, by the Nepalese government.

Why was the orange chosen as the national fruit?

The orange symbolizes vitality and prosperity. It also thrives in Nepal's hilly regions, contributing significantly to the economy and supporting the livelihoods of many farmers.

Can tourists visit orange farms in Nepal?

Yes, many orange-growing regions in Nepal have started promoting agro-tourism. Tourists can visit farms, learn about the cultivation process, and even pick fresh oranges.

Photo Of National Fruit of Nepal

Photo of Oranges

Conclusion

The orange is more than just a fruit in Nepal; it’s a symbol of the nation’s heritage, resilience, and prosperity. Whether you enjoy it during a festive celebration, as a refreshing snack, or while exploring the scenic orange orchards, this citrus gem is a true national treasure that reflects the vibrant spirit of Nepal. So, the next time you peel an orange, take a moment to appreciate the rich story behind Nepal’s favorite fruit.

Read More : 300 Hour Yoga Teacher Training in Nepal

National Fruit of Nepal: Orange
The orange is more than just a fruit in Nepal — it’s a symbol of health, prosperity, and cultural pride. Grown in the scenic mid-hills of Nepal, oranges are vital to the local economy, used in religious festivals like Dashain and Tihar, and enjoyed for their sweet, juicy flavor. Discover the powerful story behind Nepal’s national fruit and why it holds a special place in the heart of every Nepali.

๐ŸŠ National Fruit of Nepal - FAQ

The Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata) was officially declared the national fruit of Nepal on April 12, 2024. It was chosen to promote its agricultural value and national branding.
Nepali oranges are widely cultivated in the mid-hill regions such as Dhankuta, Sindhuli, Syangja, and Ramechhap.
Nepali oranges are small, juicy, and rich in flavor due to the unique climate and soil of the hill regions where they are grown.
Besides being eaten fresh, oranges in Nepal are used in juices, chutneys, marmalade, and dried fruit snacks.